{"title":"Lipids","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"alc-0315","title":"ALC-0315","description":"\u003cp\u003eALC-0315 is an ionizable cationic lipid and a key component of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations designed to deliver mRNA and other nucleic acids. Its molecular structure comprises a tertiary amine bearing a hydroxybutyl substituent and two hydrophobic branched tails, each linked to the amine through a hexyl spacer and an ester bond.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe amine remains predominantly neutral at physiological pH but becomes protonated in acidic environments. This pH-dependent ionization enables efficient encapsulation of nucleic acids during LNP formulation and facilitates their release following endosomal uptake. The biodegradable ester linkages also provide a defined route for metabolic degradation after delivery.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eALC-0315 is the ionizable lipid used in the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA vaccine and has become a widely accepted benchmark for mRNA–LNP systems. It is typically incorporated into a four-component formulation alongside a helper phospholipid, cholesterol, and a PEG-lipid, in applications such as mRNA delivery, vaccine development, and comparative studies with other ionizable lipids, including SM-102 and DLin-MC3-DMA.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe saturated lipid tails of ALC-0315 make it considerably less prone to oxidative degradation than dilinoleyl-based lipids. Nevertheless, oxidation of the tertiary amine and the resulting formation of N-oxide impurities remain important quality concerns. These oxidation products may interact with encapsulated mRNA and adversely affect its expression.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Polymorphic Lipids","offers":[{"title":"100 mg","offer_id":46550151561377,"sku":"PL-ALC0315-100MG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 g","offer_id":46550151594145,"sku":"PL-ALC0315-1G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Custom","offer_id":46550151659681,"sku":"PL-ALC0315-CUSTOM","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"sm-102","title":"SM-102","description":"\u003cp\u003eSM-102 is an ionizable cationic lipid used in lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations for mRNA delivery. Its structure comprises a tertiary amine bearing a hydroxyethyl substituent and two ester-linked lipid tails, one branched and one linear.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe amine remains predominantly neutral at physiological pH but becomes protonated under acidic conditions. This pH-dependent ionization supports efficient nucleic acid encapsulation during LNP formulation and promotes intracellular release following cellular uptake.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSM-102 is the ionizable lipid used in Moderna's COVID-19 mRNA vaccine and is widely recognized as a benchmark in mRNA–lipid nanoparticle (LNP) research. It is commonly used in mRNA vaccine development, the delivery of protein-replacement and gene-editing payloads, and comparative studies evaluating the performance of ionizable lipids.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSimilar to ALC-0315, SM-102 contains saturated lipid tails, which makes it less susceptible to oxidative degradation along the hydrocarbon chains. As a result, the primary oxidative impurity of concern is the formation of the amine N-oxide rather than chain oxidation products. Each lot is supplied free of N-oxide impurities, as confirmed by LC–MS analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Polymorphic Lipids","offers":[{"title":"100 mg","offer_id":46550151692449,"sku":"PL-SM102-100MG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 g","offer_id":46550151725217,"sku":"PL-SM102-1G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Custom","offer_id":46550151790753,"sku":"PL-SM102-CUSTOM","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"mc3","title":"DLin-MC3-DMA","description":"\u003cp\u003eDLin-MC3-DMA, commonly referred to as MC3, is one of the most widely used reference ionizable lipids and remains a key benchmark for evaluating the performance of new ionizable lipid candidates. Its structure consists of two linoleyl chains connected through a central carbon bearing a 4-(dimethylamino)butanoate ester group. This design provides an apparent pKa within the range associated with efficient nucleic acid encapsulation during LNP formulation and effective endosomal release following cellular uptake.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMC3 is the ionizable lipid used in patisiran (Onpattro), the first approved siRNA therapeutic, and it remains one of the most widely used reference lipids in both siRNA and mRNA delivery research. It is commonly employed as a positive control and comparator in applications including siRNA–LNP formulation optimization, hepatic delivery studies, and performance benchmarking of newly developed ionizable lipids.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDue to the presence of polyunsaturated linoleyl chains, MC3 is more susceptible to oxidation compared with lipids containing saturated tails. Improper storage or handling conditions may lead to oxidation and reduced performance before the lipid is incorporated into an LNP formulation. To maintain product quality, MC3 is packaged under an argon atmosphere and supplied confirmed free of N-oxide impurities.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Polymorphic Lipids","offers":[{"title":"100 mg","offer_id":46550151823521,"sku":"PL-MC3-100MG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 g","offer_id":46550151856289,"sku":"PL-MC3-1G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Custom","offer_id":46550151921825,"sku":"PL-MC3-CUSTOM","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"kc2","title":"DLin-KC2-DMA","description":"\u003cp\u003eDLin-KC2-DMA, commonly known as KC2, was among the first ionizable lipids to achieve effective in vivo siRNA silencing at clinically relevant doses. It also provided an important foundation for the development of subsequent ionizable lipids, including MC3. Its structure comprises two linoleyl chains connected through a 1,3-dioxolane ring to a dimethylaminoethyl head group, providing the pH-responsive ionization required for efficient nucleic acid delivery.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eKC2 is supplied as a clear oil with a purity of ≥98%, verified by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and LC–MS. The material is free from detectable N-oxide impurities and is intended exclusively for research use. It is not suitable for human or veterinary applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eKC2 is widely utilized in siRNA and mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) research as a delivery component and a reference lipid in structure–activity relationship studies (SAR), particularly in comparisons with MC3 and other ionizable lipid platforms. It is commonly used to evaluate how variations in lipid head-group chemistry and hydrophobic tail structure influence key delivery properties, including apparent pKa, nucleic acid encapsulation efficiency, and endosomal escape performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDue to the presence of polyunsaturated lipid chains, KC2 is susceptible to oxidation and therefore requires careful storage and handling. To maintain product stability and quality, it is packaged under an argon atmosphere and supplied free of detectable N-oxide impurity.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Polymorphic Lipids","offers":[{"title":"100 mg","offer_id":46550151954593,"sku":"PL-KC2-100MG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 g","offer_id":46550151987361,"sku":"PL-KC2-1G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Custom","offer_id":46550152052897,"sku":"PL-KC2-CUSTOM","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"nor-mc3","title":"nor-MC3","description":"\u003cp\u003enor-MC3 is an ionizable cationic lipid closely related to DLin-MC3-DMA. It carries the same 4-(dimethylamino)butanoate head group, with C17 chains in place of MC3's C18 linoleyl chains. Those chains are built from methyl linoleate, a commodity feedstock, by a shorter and more straightforward route than MC3's synthesis requires. Published work reports nor-MC3 to be at least as effective as MC3 in nucleic acid delivery. Invented by Peak co-founder Dr. Marco Ciufolini. For research use only — not for human or veterinary use.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003enor-MC3 is used in the same work MC3 is used for: siRNA and mRNA LNP formulation, hepatic delivery studies, and screening against benchmark ionizable lipids. In the published comparison it matched or exceeded MC3 on mRNA transfection, with siRNA potency in the same range. Its practical advantage is manufacturability: a simpler synthesis with fewer steps to control means material can be made consistently, and scaled from screening quantities to formulation batches without the constraints MC3's route imposes.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Polymorphic Lipids","offers":[{"title":"100 mg","offer_id":46550152085665,"sku":"PL-NORMC3-100MG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 g","offer_id":46550152118433,"sku":"PL-NORMC3-1G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Custom","offer_id":46550152183969,"sku":"PL-NORMC3-CUSTOM","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"nor-kc2","title":"nor-KC2","description":"\u003cp\u003enor-KC2 is an ionizable cationic lipid structurally related to DLin-KC2-DMA (KC2), with the C18 linoleyl chains of KC2 replaced by shorter C17 chains. Like KC2, it features two hydrophobic chains connected through a 1,3-dioxolane ring to a dimethylaminoethyl head group.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe C17 chains are derived from commercially available methyl linoleate. This enables a shorter, more streamlined synthetic route than the original preparation of KC2. Published studies indicate that nor-KC2 can provide comparable or improved nucleic acid delivery performance relative to KC2.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003enor-KC2 is used in siRNA and mRNA LNP formulation and in structure–activity work on ionizable lipid design, where the dioxolane scaffold makes it a useful counterpart to the ester-linked MC3 series. As with nor-MC3, the simpler synthesis is the practical draw: it makes the lipid easier to produce consistently and to scale up when a formulation moves beyond screening quantities.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Polymorphic Lipids","offers":[{"title":"100 mg","offer_id":46550152315041,"sku":"PL-NORKC2-100MG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 g","offer_id":46550152347809,"sku":"PL-NORKC2-1G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Custom","offer_id":46550152413345,"sku":"PL-NORKC2-CUSTOM","price":0.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}]}],"url":"https:\/\/peaklipids.com\/collections\/lipids.oembed","provider":"Peak Lipids","version":"1.0","type":"link"}